The flammability of paper products depends on whether they have undergone flame-retardant treatment, their main components, and testing standards.
Core Standards for Fire Safety Rating of Paper Products
The fire safety rating of paper products is mainly based on their flammability. Commonly used domestic and international standards include:
International Standard ISO 11925-2: Tests the flame spread rate on the surface of materials, divided into 7 levels from A1 (non-combustible) to F (flammable). For example, A2 grade paper products must meet the requirement of flame spread ≤20mm/min (ISO 11925-2:2020).
Chinese Standard GB 8624-2012: Divided into 4 levels: A (non-combustible), B1 (flame-retardant), B2 (combustible), and B3 (flammable). B1 grade requires a peak heat release rate ≤250kW/m² (GB 8624-2012 Annex B).
EU EN 13501-1: Adds smoke and drip assessment, such as B-s1,d0 indicating flame retardancy and low smoke generation.
Addition of Flame Retardants: For example, aluminum hydroxide can bring paper products to a B1 rating, but the addition amount must be controlled within 10%-15% (Flame Retardant Materials Handbook, Chemical Industry Press).
Laminated Process: Coating with flame-retardant films (such as ammonium polyphosphate) can reduce the flame spread rate by more than 50% (test data source: SGS report).
Structural Design: Multi-layer corrugated cardboard improves flame retardancy by 30%-40% compared to single-layer corrugated cardboard (Japanese JIS Z 2150 standard).
